Scholarly record
UTILIZATION OF BENTONITE IN LIGHT SOILS AFFECTED BY DROUGHT IN ORDER TO INCREASE YIELDS AND SOIL FERTILIZATION
Abstract
Light soils contain up to 20 % clay particles, which results in their high water and nutrient permeability and thus low fertility. Another factor affecting light soils is their easy drying. The Hodov locality was chosen for an experiment suitable in terms of quite low rainfall per year and soil type corresponding to light soils. The experimental locality Hodov belongs to a slightly warm climate region (MT9) with a long-term average rainfall of 500 mm/year. The prevailing soil type is Mesobasic Cambisol with a high proportion of granitoid rock fragments and a low proportion of clay fraction. Two types of bentonite (Rokle type and Cerny vrch type) were used to increase the clay fraction content and improve physical and chemical soil properties. The Rokle bentonite type (variants A) was characterized by higher swelling capacity, lower content of basic cations and higher proportion of Fe2O3 and TiO2. The Cerny vrch type (variants B) showed lower swelling capacity and higher percentage of MgO, CaO, Na2O and K2O alkali. The doses 26 kg, 52 kg and 78 kg of both types of bentonite were applied to a 100 x 52 m experimental area consisting of sandy loam soil. The soil samples for the determination of soil properties were collected at the beginning of vegetation as input samples and at the end of vegetation from all established variants in three replicates. The crop was silage maize, variety Donremi. The application of bentonite to the soil was found to have a positive effect on the water stability of soil aggregates, which was increased with increasing dose of bentonite. In terms of chemical properties, the application has had a positive effect on increasing the cation exchange capacity of the soil and thereby improving the utilization of plant nutrients. This was confirmed by higher yields of green mass from cultivated maize in variants with applied bentonite.
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References8
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