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HISTORY, THE PRESENT AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE NORTH BOHEMIAN BROWN COAL BASIN AREA RECLAMATIONS
Abstract
Brown coal is the only significant domestic fossil raw material, without which the Czech Republic would become fully dependent on energy sources import. More than 70 \% of mined brown coal comes from North Bohemian Basin these days. Open cast brown coal mining has lead to large damage on the landscape. That is why the reclamation work has become important on principle recently. The technology of reclamation passed through qualitative development within the past twenty years. The construction of mine dumps has been controlled in the way that allows simpler and more successful reclamation. The categorization of soils and their selective deposition were established. The compilation of mining models was started. Connection to existing ecosystem was made. There is also the large water surfaces creation included in the terminated open pit mines. The difficulties of the North Bohemian mine dumps reclamation works are caused by extremely unfavourable properties of rocks poured down to the majority of mine dumps. These are mainly rocks of the overlaying strata and the rocks strata of brown coal bed. Main materials poured down to the mine dumps are sands, clayey sands and kaolin – illitic clays. Admixtures in filled rocks consist of organic (coal) mass, siderite and pyrite.
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References1
/1/ Cermak, P.: Methodical bases for evaluation of against – erosion resistence of dump soils with vegetation or other preparation in SHP Research report, VUMOP Prague, 1998 /2/ Fisera, E.: Evaluation of soils of North – Bohemian basin from standpoint of suitability Research report, BPT Teplice, 1990 /3/ Hrasko, T.: Applied soil – knowledge science Bratislava, 1988 /4/ Rehor, M.: Research of suitability of overburden soils for restoration purposes Expert review, VUHU Most, 1999 Fig. 1: T he situation of the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin region Fig. 2: The overburden cuts of opencast Bilina mine International Conference
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