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COAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF YAKUTIA: SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY
Abstract
The article analyzes the main problems associated with the import of fuel and energy resources to the Arctic regions of Yakutia. The article considers existing multi-link schemes of fuel delivery to the final consumer, the main disadvantages of which are significant transportation time and a large share of logistics costs as well as environmental impact on northern rivers (Lena, Kolyma, Indigirka). High transport costs are shown to increase cost per ton of fuel and energy resources by 3-5 times. The paper shows that the development of local coal resources located in close proximity to consumers is one of the directions to increase the energy security, improve environmental conditions for coal delivery of the Arctic regions of the Yakutia and reduce the regional budget expenditures. Deposits of fuel and energy resources in remote transport isolated Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) have a social orientation, not a commercial one. However, profit earning should not necessarily be the main goal for companies already performing mining or planning to mine in the Arctic zone. Feasibility and needs for companies oriented rather to welfare, than commercial interests is predetermined by increased energy requirements for safety, creation of new jobs etc. Such deposits should be approached from a social perspective rather than from an investment perspective. The article introduces the concept of ultra-small coal company for the Arctic regions, which takes into account the specifics of inaccessibility, transport remoteness with severe climatic and physical and geographical conditions, increasing the energy and ecology security of the population.
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