Scholarly record
DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMS FOR MONITORING NATURAL GAS CONCENTRATIONS INSIDE BUILDINGS IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE RISK OF EXPLOSION AND/OR FIRE
Abstract
Natural gas leaks in residential buildings represent a major risk of explosion and fire, endangering lives and property. Current detection systems, predominantly individual and non-centralized, exhibit significant limitations regarding response time, precise leak localization, and effective notification of authorities. This paper proposes the architecture of a centralized system, based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, for the real-time monitoring of methane (CH4) emissions in medium-sized multi-family residential buildings (up to 40 apartments) and conducts a detailed practical feasibility analysis. The proposed system integrates a network of Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) methane sensors, strategically placed in each apartment and common areas, interconnected via a wireless mesh communication network (e.g., Zigbee) that transmits data to a central processing unit. This unit analyzes data in real-time, implements validation algorithms to minimize false alarms, and triggers automatic action protocols, such as closing the main gas solenoid valve and activating ventilation systems. Simultaneously, the system generates multi-channel alerts (SMS, email, app notifications) to the building administrator and, optionally, to emergency services, indicating the exact location of the incident.
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