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USING GIS FOR LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING. AN APPLICATION OF ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS ON SITNA RIVER BASIN, BOTO?ANI, ROMANIA
Abstract
Nowadays, natural risks associated to geomorphological processes represent a widely studied topic by geoscientists due to their impact on society. In this category, landslides take an important place, representing major risks to human activities, which often lead to economic losses and numerous fatalities all over the world, especially in equatorial, tropical and sub-tropical areas. In Romania, landslides are a common and frequently encountered geomorphic phenomena in plateau regions, that need to be identified and mitigated. As part of a preliminary study, the purpose of this paper is to identify the areas susceptible to landsliding by applying the principles and factor weights of the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The resulted methodological framework was applied on Sitna watershed, a representative area of 943 km2 from the northern part of the Moldavian Plateau, Eastern Romania. For the purpose of this study, a number of 10 layers were taken into consideration, namely distance to roads, land use, slope, aspect, curvature, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), drainage density, soil texture, distance to streams and annual rainfall. By using this method, each layer was broken into smaller factors weighted in accordance to their importance, after which the layers were assembled in order to generate the landslide susceptibility map. By using ArcMap facilities, the DEM-based layers were generated and analyzed from a LiDAR-derived Digital Elevation Model, at a resolution of 1 square meter/pixel, as well as all the queries and the final cartographic material. For validation, the final map was then compared with the landslide inventory layer based on field mapping, aerial imagery and LiDAR DEM.
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