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PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND WAVELET ANALYSIS AS APPLIED TO 3D MODELING OF LAMINATED CLAYS
Abstract
The aim of this project was to create a detailed 3D model of Permian clay laminations. Modern image processing methods and wavelet analysis were used for 3D visualization, identification of the nature of laminations and calculation of mean and interval sedimentation rates. The images used in this project are the photographs of a clay sample taken from an outcrop of ?linguloid? clays. First, two faces of the sample were sanded and polished to the shine. Then the polished surfaces were scanned and photographed. Image resolution was 1200 dpi. The scans and photographs were used to create a 3D model through wavelet analysis, ArcGIS 10.4 visualization tools and photogrammetry. The model became not only a detailed 3D visualization of the sample, but also provided an opportunity for determination of quantitative characteristics of individual sedimentation cycles and microcycles. Data loss during the automatic procedure of identifying the laminations did not exceed 5%. Spectral analysis of the layer pair thickness showed harmonics with periods that are multiple of 11, which indicates the seasonal nature of the lamination and provides an opportunity for determination of the sedimentation rate. The sedimentation rate was estimated at 0.15 mm per year, which differs significantly from the estimates obtained earlier.
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