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DYNAMICS OF SEASONAL SOIL FREEZING WITHIN THE MIDDLE OB AREA
Abstract
Climatic changes are recorded across the globe. Within the cryolitic zone, in the area of insular permafrost and permanent snow patches, the relevance of soil temperature measuring lies in recording changes of perennially frozen rocks and dynamics of seasonal soil freezing. These indicators are important for understanding changes in environmental parameters, landscape changes in the boreal zone, and the impact of changes on human economic activities, including the oil and gas industry. The present studies of the soil freezing seasonal dynamics are carried out from 2009 to 2021. The studied area pertains to the Ob river valley in the mid-Ob river region, within the administrative boundary lines of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area - Yugra. Extraordinary natural and climatic conditions contributed to the formation of the main soils types: gley fluvisols in the floodplain, histosols comprises soils, gley histosols in swampy areas of pine forest, in boreal forest with pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) at Plinthosols. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics of seasonal freezing of soils in the boreal zone, within the insular permafrost of the southern cryolitic zone. The study methods are based on field measurements of soil freezing and instrumental temperature observations. The study involved a snow survey carried out at the end of snow cover formation. The 12-year showed that the depth of soil freezing has decreased since 2015. The long-time average annual temperature for Histosols is 4.49 °C. An increase in average annual temperatures at a depth of 0.20 m by 1.16–1.45 °C was recorded. The long-time average annual temperature for Plinthosols at depth of 0.20 m is 3.87 °C. The average annual temperature gradient varied from 0.35 to 1.23 °C. The long-time average annual temperature for Gey fluvisols in the study period was 5.23 °C. The average annual temperature gradient varied from 0.42 to 1.12 °C. The snow survey results made it possible to compute the water equivalent of snow cover over a 12-year period. The average annual depth of snow cover was 76 cm. The water equivalent of snow cover was high: 259 mm in 2015, and 232 mm in 2020. The temperature and snow cover data available from the study showed that the soil freezing dynamics depend on integrating landscape-forming geological components, which is indicative of the emergence of a global climate trend with local variations.
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