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IMPROVEMENT OF A MINING TECHNOLOGY FOR NEAR OPEN-PIT RESERVES EXCAVATION IN THE NORTHERN CONDITIONS
Abstract
In modern mining a tendency is observed to extend underground development of near open-pit reserves in thick ore deposits because of increase of open-pits ready to complete open mining operations or technical elimination. Researchers of Mining Institute KSC RAS have established that when developing the near open-pit reserves by mining systems of ore and country rock caving, the parameters of ore excavation and mining safety increase due to controlling ore drawing and constructing a thermal insulating layer. The main research concept consists in optimization of the parameters for an underground ore production technology through computer modeling of geotechnology objects, a choice a mining method; determination of the frost penetration depth for dry and wet rocks under sub-zero air temperatures, and establishment of a required thickness for a thermal-isolating layer, its construction method, depending on development of open and underground mining. The following studies have been carried out at the Kola apatite-nepheline deposits: пїЅ Order of underground mining operations for near open-pit reserves was determined; пїЅ Sectors with the least layer of caved cap rocks were revealed; пїЅ Depth of frost penetration of caved rocks was ascertained; пїЅ The schemes for the thermal-isolating layer construction were presented and its optimal thickness was found depending on height of an ore layer drawn.
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