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ESTIMATION OF FOREST INFLUENCE ON SNOW ACCUMULATION FOR ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING ROAD STRUCTURES (BASED ON DATA FROM THE PODMOSKOVNAYA WATER-BALANCE STATION)

Fedor Bryukhan, Aleksey Vinogradov

Abstract

The main parameter for calculation of waterway openings of bridges and pipes, as well as cross sections of water-draining meliorative ditches, is maximum water flow rate. So, the reliable calculation of this parameter is essential for selection of appropriate design solutions. Snow melt flood volume is mainly determined by the volume of water stored in the snow cover when melting begins, and flow rate пїЅ by the rash of spring snow melt flood. In its turn, snow stock is considerably depends on the degree of coverage of the watershed area with forest, especially in taiga, mixed forest and forest steppe zones. Due to the reasons said above, studying the conditions of snow cover formation and its distribution over river drainage basins becomes an issue of the apparent research and practice interest. The purpose if this research is to estimate influence of forest on snow accumulation for the purpose of engineering road structures analysis. The methodology applied is based on the statistical analysis of hydrological and weather data collected over years. It was shown, that snow stock calculation requires correction of the standard techniques. The calculations showed, that influence of forest leads to reduction of spring snow melt runoffs, which tend to decrease as afforestation grows. It was noticed, that man-made impact on landscapes leads to the change of forest-covered areas, forest species composition and canopy density, drainage density and, as a result, the change in snow accumulation in river drainage basins.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/31/s12.030

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