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X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF HARDENING KINETICS OF NATURAL HYDRAULIC LIME
Abstract
Natural hydraulic lime (NHL) belongs to traditional binders used in civil engineering for centuries. Hydraulic lime (both natural or artificial) may be considered as binder which properties represents a transition between air lime (pure CaO or Ca(OH)2) and Portland cement (PC). It means that NHL contains hydraulic compounds (as PC) and CaO/Ca(OH)2. The significant difference is in calcination temperature ? NHL is calcined at lower temperature than Portland clinker i.e. there is lower energy consumption (and carbon footprint) related to NHL. Obviously, due to lower production temperature, NHL does not contain tri-calcium-silicate, the most reactive and desired component of PC. NHL 3.5 used in this study contained 50% of Ca(OH)2 and 40% of hydraulic components (belite C2S and tri-calcium-aluminate C3A). The rest were inactive compounds. The hardening process in NHL based materials thus involves both hydraulic reaction of C2S and C3A, and carbonation of Ca(OH)2. The current utilization of NHL in building practice is found nearly entirely in renovation works of architectural heritage but it might be ? thanks to the above mentioned lower energy consumption compared to PC ? attractive also in construction of sustainable buildings as a binder in mortars and plasters. The plasticity and durability of such NHL based mortars can be improved by a traditional admixture ? linseed oil. This admixture act as water repellent and thus it is not just reducing the sorptivity of the mortar. The present paper deals with influence of linseed oil on hydration/carbonation kinetics of NHL mortar. These processes were monitored by help of X-ray diffraction, accompanied with compressive strength and pore size distribution measurement. It was found that presence of water repealing admixture reduces the rate of hydraulic reaction and carbonation since water is inevitably involved in these processes and consequently the strength increase is slower in the mortar containing linseed oil. The retarding effect was quantified by help of rate constant of modified Jander?s equation.
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