Scholarly record
GIS-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN HARAZ RIVER, INDUSTRIAL SITE SELECTION, IRAN
Abstract
Water is the key Element in social and economic development of the country, which is becoming a scares resource due to over-increasing demands of the growing population, Agriculture, Hydropower and Industrial Users. Site selection of industries in the river side, usually affect on the monitoring program. Thus the monitoring of the rivers for the effective management and planning in the water section has become most predominant aspect and need to pay attention to the best program for industries location. Haraz is a river in northern Iran that flows northward from foot of Mount Damavand across Larijan, through Amol city, and finally to the Caspian Sea between Mahmood Abad and Fereydoon Kenar. Its valley is one of few to cut through Alborz. GIS is a computer based data processing tool used to map, manage, analyze, display, and model spatial information. The GIS technique is comprised of several layers that contain the initial dataset at a 1:50000 scale. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the study area was constructed using the Iranian National Geographical Organization topographic maps at 1:50000 scale. In this study a modeling program constructed to finding of appropriate location of industrial area in the riversides. Input Data of the Model was Environmental criteria for location of industrial units by environmental protection organization in Iran, Industrial Ministry Criteria (Ministers Team Approval, 2007). Output Data of the model is display maps of river with location of industrial section potentials.
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References25
field in GIS (Geographical Information Systems). This information contains iso-raining area or lines, roads network, hydrographic network, and etc.Then these layers converted to raster format to performance the model. Raster layers provided for road, rivers, springs, wells, medical centers, educational centers, cities and rural area and lakes with defined distances. From contour lines provided The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and slopes raster layers and slopes direction. Then with overlaying these raster layers and mentioned model applied to site selection of different groups of industries(Table 1.) in The GIS (Geographical Information Systems).The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the study area was constructed using the Iranian National Geographical Organization topographic maps at 1:50000 scale. The results of these works prepared as maps, vector layers. The stages of this research presented in figure 2. Figure 1: Location of the study area. )Criteria(Model Model Parameters-of Land) DEM(l Digital Elevation Mode Converting to Raster format or Overlaying Performance of Model Map making and appropriate digital layers of industries location Working stages for appropriate site selection for location of industries. 2.Fig Table.1.First priority for location industries and city-rural development (Makhdoom, 1995) conditionsCriteria
800Mean annual raining, mm
80Humidity, % mediumLand form
1200Height, meter SouthernGeographic Direction
300Water availability, l/d Table.2.Sec. priority for location industries and city-rural development (Makhdoom, 1995) conditionsCriteria Flat and Flat likeLand form
400 or 400-1800 Height, meter SouthernGeographic Direction
225Water resource availability and supply, l/d medium - goodDrainage conditions Table.3.B Group Industries Criteria (Ministers Team Approval, 2007) Distance, mCriteria 200Residential area 200Medical and Educational Centers 100Military Center 1000River Side Table.4. D & H Group Industries Criteria (Ministers Team Approval, 2007) Minimum Distance for H Group Industries , m Minimum Distance for D Group Industries , m Criteria
1000 Residential area
500 Medical and Educational Centers
150 Main Road 10001000National Park, Wetland, Lake 300200Area protected, River, Canals 100100Well RESULTS The system design improves efficiency and effectiveness of using simulation models for decision-making. Ecological model for city, rural and industrial development and also Industrial Ministry Criteria (Ministers Team Approval, 2007) applied to site selection in the GIS (Geographical Information Systems). The results imply that D & H Group Industries due to location condition in the limited area for city, commercial and industrial applying is not appropriate for the area. V Group Industries content two classes of industry and culture collections and meat production industry that their site selection needs to full aspects evaluations. Site selection maps for location of industry in view of ecological conditions showed in fig.5. This map displaying the locations with appropriate ecological conditions based as Makhdoom Model. Locations display in the North of map, is not appropriate for industries, due to existence of forests and natural source protection, so will remove from the final map. Map of appropriate location for B Group Industries with attention to ecological agents and Industries Organization Criteria, and land use displayed in fig. 6. Also Map of appropriate location for D Group Industries with attention to the Industries Organization Criteria, and land use displayed in fig. 7. Final map of appropriate location for H Group Industries with attention to ecological agents and Industries Organization Criteria, and land use displayed in fig. 8. Fig.3. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the study area, topographic digits to meter Fig.4. Residential areas in adjacent of the River, distence to meter Fig.5. Appropriate sites for industries development Fig.6. Map of appropriate location for B Group Industries Fig.7. Map of appropriate location for D Group Industries Fig.8. Final map of appropriate location for H Group Industries DISCUSSION In this research, collection of ecological and industrial ministry criteria applied in a model to site selection of appropriate areas for location of industries and its development in medium of GIS (Geographical Information Systems). In view of ecologic, there is not any problem in length of Haraz River for water supply and temperature variation. Main discussion is the natural resource protection and prevention of its degradation [13-14]. In southern beaches of the Caspian Sea, decentralization of residential areas, Agricultural lands, groundwater wells, wetlands and high density traffic road network, are causes lack of appropriate site to industries development. As the results of model applying in the medium of GIS (Geographical Information Systems) confirm there is not any appropriate site for industries development in flat of study area. As the GIS-based maps showing there are many sites that is appropriate simultaneously for the location of three Group Industries (i.e. D and H Groups). In reality appropriate sites for these groups are overlay. In this study, GIS (Geographical Information Systems) applied as a tool to determination appropriate sites with attention to the environmental, climate, ecological and industrial organization criteria and defined the locations with specified conditions. This study is a comprehensive research and need to survey with the field operation to finding of more details in view of environmental, social, economical and political subjects. The results showed slope and land use are the limitation factors for industries location in the Haraz River rout. High slopes of mountain areas is not appropriate for industries location, except with expensive works, modify the slopes with full attention to the environmental aspects and safety for the road and travelers, which can be a source of building materials. Although there are some appropriate area in the south of Amol City for industries location, based on ecological and industrial ministry criteria, but these areas located in the forested sites that is not appropriate site in view of forest protection. Location of industries does not have to any damage to the forest, flat and water sources. Also with attention to existence of huge water sources in these areas such as Haraz River, springs, lakes, snow precipitation, that can be help to development of industries with the huge water demands such as fish cultures and dairy industry with considering all mentioned aspects. Haraz river will supply drinking water and agricultural water (rice farming) for peoples of Amol and Mahmood Abad Cities. Water quality of this river will affect not only in the up-stream life quality of peoples, but also affects life quality of human and aquatic organisms in downstream of river. Entering river sediments and high turbidity of the river due to the erosion of up-stream land to the wetlands will cause considerable high environmental damages. So it is necessary to Local Environmental Decision- Making to reduction of turbidity, industrial wastewater control, especially wastewater from centers and restaurants located in the river rout. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research supported financially by the Mazandaran Environmental Protection Organization. The authors are especially grateful to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. REFRENCES
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