Scholarly record
NUMERICAL MODELING OF INFILTRATION THROUGH DAMS AND LATERAL DIKES REALIZED OF LOCAL MATERIALS TO REHABILITATE THEM AND INCREASE THEIR LIFESPAN
Abstract
In Romania before 1990, over 600 hydro-power plants were built with dams and lateral dikes made of local materials. In order to be completed as soon as possible and with material savings, the protection screens were improperly executed. In many cases there is no continuous protection screen along the dam and in its vicinity, but only from place to place, intermittently. The same problem is with the lateral dikes of the lakes. In these conditions, at the hydroelectric power plant commissioning, the infiltration immediately appeared through the lateral dikes and even through dams. In the last 20-30 years, no complex plan has been made for the rehabilitation of these hydro-power plants. Infiltration represents a permanent problem for local authorities, as many of them are built near localities. To keep the system active, the water level in many hydro-power lakes has been drastically reduced. Consequently, useful volume is lower for the electricity production, but also for water supply and irrigation. This paper begins with an overview of the current situation of dams facing such problems, structured on river basins. As a case study, two hydro-power lakes were selected, which face infiltration through dams in the Crisul Repede hydrographic area. The mathematical and numerical model is presented briefly, calibrated based on local conditions. By numerical modeling the infiltration through the dikes was estimated and the new areas of risk and erosion were estimated. Knowing the risk areas, protection and safety measures can be taken in advance, rehabilitating these areas during the drought season, when the water in lake is reduced. In this way can be avoided the recurrence of these accidents.
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