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SLOPE LAND - AN IMPORTANT INDICATOR IN THE ASSESSING SOIL EROSION AND THE LOCALITIES FRAMING IN THE MONTAIN AREA
Abstract
The erosion of the soil, through the changes it brought to the soil cover and by the direct and indirect damage it produced, amplified and diversified the research in the field. In the soil erosion study, a particular importance is given to the slopes, showing, apart from their inclination, the exhibition, the uniform or varied appearance, the degree of fragmentation, the degree of erosion. The slope is expressed in percents and it is determinate the length of this slope (declivity), because these characteristics strongly influence the rate of erosion and alluvial effluent. The exact determination of the terrain slope can be done by specialists with precision topographic equipment, using laborious procedures. Our proposed methodology is a simple one and consisted of evaluating parameters based on the minimal and/or maximum absolute value averages using map in level curves (located in the archives of any Office of Cadastre and Real Estate Advertising). In Romania, at the level of 2007, a classification of the mountain area was made through the specialized services of the European Commission, carrying out a study using Geographic Information System technologies. The method consisted in overlaying digital maps with the digital terrain model, the query being from 100 to 100 meters (grid nodes), resulting the situation of altitudes and mean slopes on localities. It was found that the result of the current quiz through the simple method was very close to the outcome obtained in 2007 (agreed by the European Commission through the Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development - DG AGRI and Joint Research Centers). And this method, like the one previously applied, has been shown to be an insurmountable one, from the point of view of the risk of exposure to European funds.
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