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MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING IN SUSTAINABLE RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
Abstract
Environmental restrictions get every day more demanding; therefore, energy policies focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, setting clear targets relative to the renewable energy contribution in meeting electricity demand. Thus, the global tendency towards fossil fuel replacement by renewable energy sources (RES) is progressively sharpening. Sustainability of power systems with high renewable energy penetration rates is a topic of major interest, especially considering the intermittency of RES production and the actual growing trend of energy consumption. Addressing such a complex concept requires particular designs approaches, taking into account several points of view (technical, economic, social). In accordance with the established objective (certain performance or quality indexes), multiple criteria should be selected and assessed so that the final project achieves long term sustainability. In the context previously described, design, operation and control of power systems are Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) processes and follow particular algorithms. This paper presents first a brief introduction, followed by a description of the most used MCDM algorithms for RES integration in power systems. Further, a case study is detailed, applying the above-mentioned algorithms to a small-scale system, comprising RES generating components and storage elements. Results are compared and discussed in the Conclusions section, highlighting also the different weights of each criterion in the final result.
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