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THE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC STATE OF THE RIVER BASINS OF THE CRIMEA
Abstract
The study aims to determine the environmental and resource potential of the river basins of the Crimean Peninsula. Given its unique hydrological and geomorphological features, the territory of Crimea was divided into a grid of soil and water protection design units in terms of operations and areas, which is comprised primarily of basins of 4th order (following the Horton-Strahler classification system). For the study area, a geographic database based on cartographic materials, remote sensing data, global digital relief models and meteorological data was formed. To carry out component-based assessment of the natural and economic conditions for each river basin spatial analysis was used. A table of attributes was developed with the characteristics about averaged geomorphological parameters, length of the hydrographic network, dominating soils, climatic conditions, structure of land use and anthropogenic impact from the point of view of the land resource balance. The anthropogenic impact on the basins located in both the plains and mountains was assessed with differentiation according to the natural areas. The basins of this kind feature a broad variety in the areas of anthropogenic lands and thus a more precise assessment can be arrived if mountainous areas with a low anthropogenic impact are considered separately. The geographic database contains information about a total of 1,573 basins (including coastal areas, low stream order basins and blind drainage areas). The results in the geographic information system “River Basins of the Crimea” were aggregated built on the ArcGIS 10.5 software suite. The geographic information system and the database are sufficient pre-project justification for further classification of the river basins of the Crimea, for proposal of typical scenarios of soil and water protection activities in the agricultural landscapes for groups of basins and for development of projects for the use of natural resources on basin principles.
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