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EVENT APPROACH IN NATURE USE IS THE BASIS OF HISTORICAL AND GEOECOLOGICAL PERIODIZATION
Abstract
For the first time in geographical science, the article considers the problem of substantiating the principle of a systematic approach to historical and geoecological periodization, taking into account event processes occurring in regional systems of nature management. In the scientific circulation of historical geoecology, the author introduces the concept of "event" - as a historical-geographical category, which is associated with the specific need to operate with a huge amount of information when carrying out retrospective studies. The named category frees the researcher from a detailed presentation of certain information on the region and allows conducting regional historical and geoecological analysis as a way to establish the key events for the fate of the studied territory and the consequences caused by them. Historical and geoecological periodization performs the function of theoretical knowledge: it sets a certain classification and typology, specially systematizes material, introduces a certain order and organization into chaotic empirical material. Using historical and geoecological periodization, time intervals are distinguished that unite and systematize events that reveal the sequence of human actions on natural complexes. Periodization is presented as a tool for understanding the natural resource potential, which should be considered over time. At each historical and geoecological stage of the development of the region, its resources tend to grow (increase in diversity, number, and importance) over time, but over time, the potential for the use of natural resources is decreasing. As a result of the study of eventfulness, it has been established that periodization is based on systems of nature management at different times. Nature management is a young science, but the most ancient branch of human knowledge. The types, types, and systems of nature management, as well as their changes, can be traced according to the historical and geoecological periodization within the study region - Eastern Fennoscandia. The successive change of environmental management systems is layered in time. Such a retrospective analysis makes it possible to objectively identify areas of ecological trouble and ascertain the state of the region's natural environment.
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