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THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGIES ON PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN CROPS IN CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL REGION OF RUSSIA
Abstract
The studies on the effects of winter wheat cultivation technology and spring barley varying degrees of intensity on productivity, carried out in All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and Soil Protection, allowed a detailed analysis of the positive and negative aspects of these technologies usage, and also they let us define that when the intensification indicators increase the productivity of studied crops increases as well, together with simultaneously reducing of productivity varying on years. The experiments led to the following conclusions: 1) the main disadvantages of extensive technology are the inevitable decline of soil fertility due to uncompensated removal of nutrients from the soil and quite high degree of variation of yield data; 2) the most optimal technologies are the basic (traditional) ones of winter wheat and spring barley cultivation, that provide reception of 3.5-4.0 tons of grain per hectare with the smallest degree of variation from year to year; 3) the use of agricultural technologies of intensive type increases the risk of non-scheduled yield level, but on average provides more stable yields by year.
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