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THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE GROUNDWATER IN THE AREA OF HIGH TECHNOGENIC LOAD MINING PRODUCTIONS
Abstract
Stoilensky GOK is one of the leading enterprises in Russia in terms of production of raw materials for ferrous metallurgy. From the ecological point of view, ore deposits are natural sources of pollution because they contain many chemical elements. According hydrogeology, drainage, operation of the tailings dump, technical water after treatment process can be sources of pollution of the underlying aquifers. At the enterprise the operation of the seepage pit is mainly aimed at protecting from the Alb - Cenomanian aquifer groundwater. The technogenic influence and use of the reverse water supply system suggest that the quality of groundwater in the Alb - Cenomanian aquifer is changing. Underground waters of the Alb-Cenomanian aquifer are widely used for the purpose of municipal water supply of nearby settlements. In this regard, constant monitoring of the hydrochemical regime of the Alb-Cenomanian aquifer and identification of sources of anthropogenic pollution are required. The qualitative composition of groundwater of the Alb-Cenomanian aquifer in the zone of influence of mining facilities is analyzed. The graphs of the content of several chemical components are built. The conclusions about the changes in the composition of groundwater in the zone of increased anthropogenic load are achieved. It is revealed that one of the objects of influence on groundwater is the tailings dump of JSC "Stoilensky GOK". There are no regional water-resistant layers at the base of the basing of the tailings dump, which creates favorable conditions for the hydraulic connection of technogenic waters with natural aquifers. The content of a number of substances exceeding the MAC value was found. The main source of pollution of the Alb-Cenomanian aquifer within Stoilensky GOK is determined.
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