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ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS OF GEOECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE IMPACT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ON ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS

Г.Г. Приоров

Abstract

Given the geographical extent of Russia, its highways play a crucial strategic role. Combining territories through the mass transfer of freight and passenger traffic and providing access to various resources, the road infrastructure facilitates the development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, any unsolved problem seriously hampers the economic development of both the country and its regions. Waste during the maintenance of roads is generated during their operation as a result of the destruction of the road surface, transportation of dusty goods and materials on them, movement of polluted vehicles, as well as a result of winter road maintenance and their anti-icing materials (AIM). The issue of the environmental safety of substances and materials used for the maintenance and operation of roads, including AIMs, is currently very relevant, so there is a need for a detailed approach in assessing the potential impact of such materials on humans and environmental objects, as well as identifying risks and restrictions, related to the handling of these products. The exact analytical methods, which include the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), are sufficiently universal for any sphere of human activity: business, government or social life. It explains the relevance of the topic of this work. Analysis of the problem of decision-making in the method of analyzing hierarchies is based on the construction of a hierarchical structure that includes the goal, criteria, and other factors considered that influence the choice. For the geoecological monitoring of pollution generated during the operation of roads, an analytic AHP-system has been developed for determination of the effects of pollutants on the most important environmental components in Moscow. The key environmental objects were selected: soil, green spaces, water bodies, and atmospheric air. To improve the accuracy of research, the primary analysis of environmental objects provided for monthly sampling in each ecological zone during the whole year.

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