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THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE FREQUENCY OF DANGEROUS WEATHER EVENTS (A CASE OF SOUTHERN EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA)
Abstract
Climate change is one of the most discussed topics around the world. They occur both globally and regionally and are not synchronous in time and space. This research is devoted to analysing climatic changes in the basin of the Sea of Azov. The territory is located in the south of the European part of Russia and includes the basins of the Don and Kuban rivers. The reference stations are in different landscape zones: forest-steppe, moderate-arid steppe, arid steppe, dry steppe, semi-desert. The study period is 1961-2020. It shows that the most significant changes occurred during the period 2001-2015. Over the past 15-20 years, there have been significant changes in the characteristics of the climate. A steady warming trend has been established. The precipitation trend is less pronounced. There is an increase for precipitation in the winter and autumn periods. In the spring, the amount of precipitation increases for all the stations under study. In summer, precipitation changes are complex. A decrease in precipitation and a slight increase prevail. The result of climate change has been a change in the frequency of dangerous weather events in the south. Among the dangerous natural phenomena, the most common are strong wind and heavy rain, extreme heat and high fire danger, frost, dry winds, etc. In the research area, dangerous weather phenomena associated with atmospheric phenomena have become more frequent. The most rapid changes currently occurring are associated with an extreme rise in air temperature. The most dangerous for people's lives are droughts and extreme heat, their number has increased in the south of the European part of Russia. Climate change is the beginning that provokes changes in the hydrological regime, agriculture, and economy.
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