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PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL-TECTONIC ANALYSIS IN KARSTOLOGY
Abstract
To date, the most problematic are the research in the field of mechanism, intensity, regularity, place and time of development, and most importantly the dynamic manifestation of the karst process. One of the most important directions of fundamental research is to establish general regularity of spatial distribution of structural forms of arrays and their corresponding karstogenetic role. Naturally, these studies need to a methodological basis. Localization of the karst zones and separate cavities is the basis of practical research of karst massifs for hydrogeological purposes, industrial and civil construction. Reflection of the karstogenetic role of structural elements of rocks began with the first publications on the results of the studies of karst phenomena. The role of the structural-tectonic structure of the karsted territories was evaluated inseparably from their hydrogeological structure. This provision has survived to the present day, being the most productive in identifying the regularityes of the development of the karst forms in space and time. Based on modern concepts, there is no doubt that the karst massif is a geological system that has a specific structure (a set of elements and their interactions) that has a space-time character. Like all geological systems, karst massif is a dynamic system because its structure is not rigid and change with time. Depending on the evolutionary stage, this system may be in equilibrium (steady-state regime), conservative (buried) or active (surface, open). The activity of the system, in a particular case, is determined by many factors, but the main is the tectonic regime of the territory, which displays karst rocks in a particular hydrodynamic zone. The main elements of an integrated approach to assessing the impact of structural-textural and structural-tectonic features of rocks and karst massif in General on the development and local-ization of karst forms, determining the selectivity and direction of the karst process, and ultimately the stability of the karsted territories and karst hazards, are presented in this paper.
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