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NUMERICAL MODELING OF WATER SPRINKLER INTERACTION WITH FIRE SPREAD AND SMOKE LAYERS

Marius Cornel Șuvar

Abstract

Worldwide, fires have always been a topical issue, being events with a high occurrence probability, followed by significant material and sometimes, human losses. Statistics show a slightly decreasing trend in the number of fires reported in recent years, respectively in terms of casualties, reflecting an increasing focus on fire safety, through national regulations and legal provisions. Fire sprinkler systems frame into the category of active fire protection and control systems. They are fire extinguishers using dispersed water in the form of droplets as extinguishing agent, the dispersion being performed with specific armatures called sprinklers. These systems can limit or stop the development of fire, especially in the initial phase, by inhibiting the pyrolysis of combustible materials and by slowing down the heat transfer process. In addition, sprinklers may play an important role in reducing the temperature of gaseous effluents and in changing the parameters that characterize the smoke layer (height, the stability of the stratified smoke layer, etc.), thus influencing the capacity for the safe evacuation of occupants. By the computer simulations performed in the Pyrosim application, using the FDS model, this paper aims to provide an analysis on the interaction of fire sprinkler systems, both with fire and with the layer of hot gases and smoke.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/2.1/s07.062

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