Scholarly record
MEASURES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCING THE IMPACT OF MICROPLASTICS IN SURFACE WATERS
Abstract
Environmental pollution with microplastics is a global concern, accompanied by a large body of research primarily focused on aquatic environments. Microplastic contamination has a considerable impact on both the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this context, the present paper provides an overview of technologies and measures aimed at reducing the presence of microplastics in surface waters, emphasizing two complementary approaches: the removal of microplastics from transfer pathways linking human activities to aquatic systems, and the prevention and reduction of microplastic pollution at its source. Furthermore, a multi-criteria comparison was conducted regarding microplastic (MP) retention and reduction mechanisms, removal efficiencies, by-product risks, operational and maintenance requirements, as well as life-cycle trade-offs. In addition, source prevention and control measures involving municipal and community actions are described, addressing microplastics originating from industry, construction, tires, and textiles, as well as those from agricultural and household sources.
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