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CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LENGTH OF WAITING TIME AFTER GROUP BLASTING AND ROCK-BURST PREVENTION EFFECTIVENESS-CASE STUDY FROM A POLISH COPPER MINE
Abstract
The copper ore deposit in Poland is mined by three underground mines using mainly group blasting technology, which serves as the active rock-burst prevention, aiming at distressing rock mass by means of vibration provoked with blasting. The mines belong to KGHM Polish Copper Joint Stock Company (KGHM). The paper objective was to determine the influence of the length of after-group blasting waiting time on provoked seismic energy in one of the KGHMпїЅs copper ore mine. It was necessary to investigate, evaluate and assess the seismic activity and rock-burst prevention effectiveness. One mining panel was analyzed over the two-year time period. Due to mining operations, the initial balance of the rock mass is always changed. With increasing depth of works and the exploitation concentration the risk of rock-burst and seismic hazard increases, which makes the greatest threat. So, in the mines of KGHM, it is necessary to apply rock-burst prevention, which is an essential element of the exploitation technology. It is carried out by means of organizational and technical, technological and active methods. The active prevention means to fight rock-burst hazard involving the use of blasting in order to weaken the rock and to deprive its ability to accumulate elastic energy. This way so-called пїЅprovokedпїЅ seismic events are induced. To increase the work safety the after-group blasting waiting time is implemented; it is the time when the staff is not allowed to stay at the shooting place. The increase in seismic activity and the rock burst hazard is always associated with a decrease in the effectiveness of rock-burst prevention. An assessment of the state of seismic hazard and calculation of the effectiveness of the active prevention methods were carried out. The relationship between the length of waiting time and the effectiveness of the provocation of seismic events was determined. The waiting time length was analyzed using the 24-hour-distribution of seismic activity. The influence of the waiting time length on the effectiveness of such the active prevention method was evaluated. The correlation between the two parameters was calculated. In most cases the longer the waiting time was the bigger amount of provoked energy was emitted. It was shown that the waiting time can be reduced without lowering the active prevention effectiveness. The length of waiting time applied in the area and time period given was suitable for work safety providing.
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