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EVALUATION OF THE USE OF DOLOMITE TO BUILD GEOMEMBRANES
Abstract
Currently applied groundwater protection against penetration of pollutants from landfills are membranes that isolate the layer of stored waste from the substrate. As the material most commonly used are materials such as loam and natural clay or composite materials, such as plastic films or asphalt. Also there are known methods of using waste materials such as fly ash, as well as silicate-ash composites for the manufacture of seals in civil and hydraulic engineering. Literature also contains descriptions of the research related to the possible use of dolomite from ore deposits as a material for the production of active barriers on industrial waste landfills. In the article there is analyzed a process of sorption of zinc ions by dolomites of grain size 0-2 mm, derived from the Triassic and Devonian deposits of one of the dolomite mines in Poland. Based on the research, it has been found that the effectiveness of the groundwater protection process against pollutions and the elimination of heavy metals from leachate effluents at landfill sites where dolomite-based geomembranes from Triassic and Devonian deposits are applied is associated both with a decrease in the water permeability of the substrate and in the sorption capacity of sealing material. It has been shown that the water permeability index of the Triassic and Devonian dolomite is similar to the values of, for example, certain types of fly ash used as geomembrane in landfills. The studies of dolomite from the Triassic and Devonian deposits have shown: ? the effectiveness of this material for the construction of protective layers for hazardous waste landfills, ? high sorption capacity of the selected dolomite for a wide range of concentrations of sorbate used in the form of zinc ion solutions, ? high zinc binding stability of dolomites. The research has led to the development of a concept for the use of dolomite from the Triassic and Devonian deposits for the construction of geomembranes in industrial waste landfills, where there is a risk for groundwater from effluents containing heavy metals.
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