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HYDROMETALLURGICAL METHODS OF GALVANIC SLUDGE RECYCLING
Abstract
The paper deals with the possibility of obtaining zinc and iron from waste galvanic sludge, which arises during galvanic plating. Galvanic sludges, which contain more significant amounts of heavy metals, form wastes that are suitable for recycling. These arise during the treatment of wastewater from the operation of the electroplating plant. It is a mixture of metal hydroxides, mainly iron, zinc, chromium, and others. The sludge is sedimented in the reaction wells and, after sedimentation, is pumped into the sludge sump. From there, they are drained in a sludge press by a sludge pump. Subsequently, dewatered sludge is formed, which is accumulated in containers. Hydrometallurgical methods are used for sludge treatment. The aim of the experimental part was to obtain zinc and iron after leaching of galvanic sludges. Leaching was performed in sulfuric acids at different temperatures and time intervals. The main part of the experimental work was to determine the most suitable conditions for achieving the maximum yield of zinc and iron. The practical part describes laboratory experiments of the hydrometallurgical process of leaching in acids, with the addition of oxidizing agents. Subsequent chemical analyzes of leachate and leachate. Finally, other procedures for possible recovery of metals as secondary raw materials are indicated.
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