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THE MECHANISM AND REGULARITIES OF DEEP LANDSLIDES IN MOSCOW (RUSSIA)
Abstract
There are 15 sites with large deep landslides on Moscow territory. Recently, several of them have been activated, in some cases directly related to human activities. Deep landslides represent the major hazard to urban infrastructure. They have a complex mechanism of development, have a huge mass, and cause big problems in implementation of protection measures. The regularities of the mechanism of deep block landslides are considered in the article. Various points of view on the mechanism of development of deep block landslides of compression-extrusion type are compared. The regularities of the development of deep landslides are considered, including the mechanism of preparation to landsliding. The engineering geological conditions of the territory with deep landslides were analyzed. The scale and dynamics of deformations were investigated. The slip surface depths were instrumentally determined on sites. The reasons of two catastrophic activations of deep landslides occurred in 2006 and 2009 in Moscow were investigated. The depths of the potentially deformable horizons in ground masses were determined (calculated) by new developed technology [10]. The dependences between different geomorphological parameters were received, which represent very informative characteristics of the landslide process. The catastrophic phase (the moment of separation of a new landslide block from the native ground mass) in the cycle of development of deep compression-extrusion landslides was investigated in detail. During this phase, the main features of the mechanism of landslides of considered type are observed.
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References12
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