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ARSENIC AND LEAD CONTENT OF RACHA, SAMEGRELO AND ZEMO SVANETIAN SOILS, GEORGIA
Abstract
The modernization and industrialization of the world contributes to create many ecological problems in the environment that affect every living organism. All the harmful pollutants that have been accumulating since the 1950s cause the greatest damage to the environment around us, which ultimately leads to global warming, climate change, and more. Harmful pollutants of the environment can be radiation, biological and chemical (organic and inorganic) substances. From inorganic chemicals heavy metals are most dangerous for the environment. The most toxic heavy metals are cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), thorium (Th), uranium (U) and others. Our research focuses on lead and arsenic, which people have been using for various household or non-household purposes. In western Georgia, Racha and Svaneti, there is an abandoned former unsealed arsenic plant located at two different locations in Uravi and Tsana. The previous research was implemented and examined the village Akhuti and Mukhuri, the village Mulakhi in Upper Svaneti, the village Znakva, Sori and Uravi in Racha and the town of Chkhorotsku in Samegrelo region. A study showed that some villages have high concentrations of lead and arsenic, for example, the metal content in the village Uravi is significantly higher than the permissible concentrations, as the abandoned arsenic plant still affects nearby soils.
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