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MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODELING OF THE FOREST AREAS AROUND WATER SOURCES IN BULGARIA
Abstract
In Bulgaria, the number of water sources and facilities for drinking and domestic water supply from surface and underground water is about 7,480. They are surrounded by sanitary protection zones (SPZ). Each SPZ has 3 belts, which are organised according to an accepted methodology. With the help of a designed geographic information system, it was found that in Bulgaria forest territories that belong to SPZ around water sources and water supply facilities for drinking and domestic needs have a total area of 576,117 ha and 49.837 million cubic meters of total growing stock. The importance of sanitary protection zones for water protection, health and life quality of the population is indisputable. Due to this the goal of the present paper is to systemize forests around water sources with protection functions in Bulgaria in homogenous groups. The systematization is done on the basis of K-means cluster analysis, which is applied for coniferous, coppice and high-stem forests for each of the three SPZ in 28 regions from level NUTS-3 in Bulgaria and three variables, which characterize forests, namely - forest area (ha), mean annual increment (m3/ha), total growing stock of forest territories (m3). On this ground it has been established that high-stem, coniferous and coppice forests from the three SPZ can be systemized in 6, 6 and 7 homogenous clusters respectively. The variables, which contribute to a high extent for cluster formation, are as follows: area of high-stem forests from belt 3; area of coniferous forests from belt 2; and area of coppice forests from belt 3.
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References8
Kolev, K., Tsoklinova M., Cluster analysis of the competitiveness of state-owned forestry enterprises, collective monograph �Economy of Bulgaria and the European Union: Science and Business�, University of National and World Economy, Publishing House � UNWE, 2017, ISBN 978-619-160-071-7
Kolev, K. Forestry Management, S., 2018, ISBN 978-619-239-066-2, p. 366.
Manov, A. Multidimensional statistical methods using SPSS. University Publishing House �Stopanstvo�, S., 2002, ISBN 954-494-514-8, p 247
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators, Methodology and User Guide, Joint Research Centre in Ispra, France, 2008,ISBN 978-92-64-04345-9, p 158
Yovkov, I., Shuleva N., Water production function in forest management models, S., 2011, ISBN: 978-954-323-827-9, p 195
Forest Act, in force since 9 April, 2011, promulgated in State Gazette issue 19 of 8 March 2011, last supplemented in State Gazette issue 21 of 12 March 2021.
Water Act, in force since 28 January, 2000, promulgated in State Gazette issue 67 of 27 July, 1999, last amended and supplemented in State Gazette issue 17 of 26 February, 2021.
Regulation No. 3 of 16 October, 2000 on the conditions and procedures for the study, design, approval and exploitation of sanitary protection zones around water sources and drinking and domestic water supply systems as well as mineral water sources, used for medicinal, prophylactic, drinking and hygiene purposes issued by the Minister of Environment and Water, Minister of Health, and the Minister of Regional Development and Public Works, promulgated in State Gazette issue 88 of 27 October, 2000.
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