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ANALYSIS OF THE FLASH FLOOD CAUSES IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Abstract
Flash flood is a very dangerous type of flood that can happen with little or no warning. The flash floods becoming more frequent in the territory of the Slovak Republic, typically for last decades in Central Europe. The number of responses of regional Fire & Rescue Corps connected to the flash floods is very high nowadays. Extreme weather fluctuations due to climate change are threatening drinking water sources as well as new types of natural threats. Severe storms and tornadoes are expected to occur more frequently When there is more rain than the soil can absorb, the excess water quickly runs into rivers and creeks, overwhelming storm drains and ditches and causing a flash flood affecting millions of people every year. The paper deals with the causes of flash floods in Slovak Republic. It points up on the problematic of enormous drainage of the water in the forests due the numerous forest logging roads. The heavy harvest vehicles press the pores of the forest soil and water does not soak inside the earth, it flows away on the surface instead. The drainage effect is discussed for rapid drainage from soil causes the flash floods. Another reason of the flash flood is in the actual field management methods. Long-term absence of the deep plowing decreased the thickness of absorption layer up to twenty centimetres. Compacted soil under the thin fertile surface is unable to absorb water from the rains. Drainage channels network in the lowlands belongs to the causes of flash floods as well as the artificially created slopes.
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