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SOIL-MICROBIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO IDENTIFYING THE BOUNDARIES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Abstract
The studies of the medieval fortified settlement Kushmanskoe-3 showed significant differences in the chemical properties and biological activity of the cultural layers of plots located on the inner and outer parts of the settlement, on both sides of the fortification line. The average values of organic carbon, total phosphorus, urease activity and the number of thermophilic bacteria were significantly higher in the cultural layers on the inner plots located to the south of the fortifications, as compared to the cultural layer of the outer plots located to the north of the fortifications. In the southern plots, the values of the organic carbon and total phosphorus were 1.3 – 1.4 times higher than the highest values of the same indicators in the northern plots. For indicators of urease activity and number of thermophilic bacteria, this difference was 2 and 5 times respectively. The maximum value of thermophilic bacteria was detected at the plot with traces of hearth. In some cases, a synchronous increase in the number of thermophilic bacteria and urease activity was detected in the southern plots of the settlement. This may indicate the enrichment of the cultural layer with manure during the functioning of the settlement. At the same time, the phosphatase activity in the cultural layers on inner plots of the settlement was 1.5 – 2 times less in comparison to the cultural layers on outer plots of the settlement. Here, low values of phosphatase activity are associated with the increasing of total phosphorus, represented by mineral forms only. Especially high phosphorus content was observed in plots with destroyed fortifications.
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