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HYDROGENATION OF LEVULINIC ACID TO GAMMA-VALEROLACTONE USING RUTHENIUM CONTAINING CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON AMORPHOUS AROMATIC POLYMERS
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) obtained by processing of plant biomass is used to synthesize many important compounds, among which is gamma-valerolactone (GVL) - a platform chemical. At present, bifunctional catalysts based on inorganic supports are the most widespread in the reaction of selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL. Polymers can serve as promising alternative to inorganic supports. In the framework of the presented study, the series of amorphous aromatic polymers was synthesized using different monomers: phenanthrene, benzene, naphthalene and anthracene. The polymers were obtained by the Friedel-Crafts reaction using FeCl3 as a polymerization catalyst and methylal as a crosslinking agent. The resulting polymers had high specific surface area (up to 900 m2/g) with predominant microporosity and were used as supports Ru-containing catalysts containing about 2-4 wt.% of ruthenium. The catalysts were applied in the LA hydrogenation under mild conditions (120 oC, 20 bar of H2) in aqueous medium. Highest conversion of the LA (79%) for 120 min of the reaction was found in the case of Ru supported on the polymer consisting of both phenanthrene and benzene.
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