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TO THE QUESTION OF THE DISPOSAL OF DEEP WASTE QUARRIES
Abstract
The greatest destruction of the soil cover and natural landscapes occurs during the development of the field by open pit mining. As a result of the development of the field, a complete change in the relief occurs, disruption of water and air balances, which leads to disruption of the ecosystem as a whole. To stabilize the state of the environment, it is necessary to implement a set of environmental, economic and social measures to restore environmental components. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions of the region. In this regard, the article presents new developments on the restoration of disturbed areas of the earth's surface as a result of the activities of mining enterprises, as well as on the safe disposal of waste from hazardous industries in the open space of the natural environment in the permafrost zone. The concept of reclamation of disturbed lands should be formed on the creation of conditions for the inevitability of work on the restoration of disturbed lands and the demand for reclamation lands. The scheme and a detailed description of the method for filling the worked space of an open pit with ice by layer-by-layer freezing of water, starting from the bottom of the open pit to the day surface, is given. The economic and social effects of the implementation of recommendations at existing industrial facilities, including the disposal of urban waste and various hazards associated with the pollution of the human environment, are shown. Calculations showed that with a quarry depth of 150 m, the expected cost reduction is $ 20.3 million. The article also describes a method for the environmentally safe disposal of waste from hazardous industries, including brine and urban waste, in order to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the environment, thereby creating a sustainable ecosystem.
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