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THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE LASER BEAM CUTTING ON A CNC MACHINE

Lukáš Kudrna

Abstract

The technology of cutting with a laser beam today is a widespread solution for thermally cuttable materials. In mechanical engineering laser technologies currently, belong among the most progressive ways how a person can act on materials within the production process. Machining and processing materials using a laser is based on the conversion of light energy into heat energy. According to the active environment, a distinction can be made between three basic types of lasers - gas, solid state and semiconducting. This article discusses the use of laser beam cutting technology on CNC machines. The advantages and disadvantages of this type of material cutting are described below. The resulting quality of the laser beam cutting is determined by many factors, some of which can be affected by the proper selection of a CNC machine, and others during this machine operation, and also by the proper parameter settings of the laser beam cutting. The article also describes the main parameters of laser beam cutting to achieve the desired parameters of the cut and of the product. Furthermore, the methods for laser cutting are defined and described here. It is necessary to realize that this is not a classical chip cutting, such as conventional cutting or machining [1], [2]. Adjustable sets for cutting compensation in the program have a significant impact on the cuttings. By setting the compensation or technological allowance of the cut, the torch is moving at a certain distance from the component, in order to maintain its desired dimension. For cutting the external contours this compensation is positive, and for cutting the internal contours the compensation is negative.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/1.3/s03.130

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