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SOIL QUALITY, A PERMANENT PROBLEM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL AREAS FACED WITH ACCIDENTAL OR CONTINUOUS POLLUTION
Abstract
Unfortunately, soil is a non-renewable resource that fulfills several vital functions such as food/biomass production, storage, filtration and transformation of mineral or biological substances, source of biodiversity and habitats, etc. Due to the development of industrial activities outside the localities, in many areas the soil is degraded. Among these degradation processes can be mentioned degradation of organic matter, contamination, soli salting, and erosion. This paper is dedicated to the presentation of the actions taken for the ecological reconstruction of degraded lands due to local, accidental causes, but also due to long-term pollution as a result of mining activities. As study methods, first of all, the distribution of the Romanian land fund by categories of utilization and some factors that created pressure on state of soil quality, such as fertilizers in agricultural areas (with their long-term effects), phytosanitary products in areas cultivated with vegetables or fruit trees, inadequate land arrangements, etc. A special paragraph is dedicated to soil pollution due to mining activities, the steel sector and energy sectors, such as thermal power plants, oil exploitation, etc. Based on the distribution of land by quality classes, a modeling of the main restrictions is made taking into account dry areas or areas with heavy rainfall. Several methods are presented, used for monitoring and investigation for the development of the database. For the areas identified as critical, some actions are presented that need to be taken for ecological reconstruction. Different areas of the country were analyzed separately, with soils affected by different sources of pollution, with medium and long term consequences. Some ecological solutions are proposed for each area analyzed according to the cause of the pollution and the results obtained after two years from the first implementation are presented.
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References6
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Ashraf M.A., Maah J., Yusoff I., Soil contamination, risk, assesment and remediation, DOI: 10.5772/57287
Rashtian J., Chavkin D., Merhi Z., Water and soil pollution as determinant of water and food quality/contamination and its impact, Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 17: 5 (2019)
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