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SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE ALGORITHM FOR LAND COMPUTED EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM EARTH OBSERVATION DATA AS IMPROVEMENT FOR SWAT MODEL IN THE UPPER-BIEBRZA CATCHMENT, POLAND
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to investigate possibility of use evapotranspiration (ET) data derived from the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) based on Earth Observation (EO) and local meteorological station (Eddy Covariance -EC - flux tower) data to improve simulation of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for catchment with significant area of wetland, case study of the Upper-Biebrza catchment (North-East Poland). The Upper-Biebrza SWAT model was set for 1951-2016 in which potential evapotranspiration (PET) was calculated using the Penman-Monteith method. The SWAT model was calibrated based on discharge data. For the usage of this case study, model was run for a period 2014-2016 with daily step and actual evapotranspiration data for each subbasin was derived. In this period, best available satellite thermal images were chosen and using the SEBAL model evapotranspiration maps were calculated. Results show differences in evapotranspiration derived from different model (hydrological and surface energy balance model) against directly measured using eddy covariance technique. Analysis suggest that SWAT model requires improvement and SEBAL data can be a source of improvement. The comparison for this catchment, which has got a high percentage of wetlands gave an overview, how looks the spatial distribution of evaporation in wetland type catchment derived both from SWAT simulation and EO data with usage of SEBAL model. This is a first step for further research in combining satellite imagery data with SWAT model in this catchment.
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