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ANALYSIS ON INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS BY USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS
Abstract
Photovoltaic technologies ensure the security and diversity of the energy supply without any negative impact on the environment, playing an important role in the production of electricity. At the moment photovoltaic systems oriented to energy performance have a relatively low efficiency, in contrast to the types and technologies of PV, but also the context of their use. The performance in terms of efficiency and long-term electricity generation depends on the current voltage parameters that differ depending on the temperature of the operating cells Ts. In the case of optimal operation, respectively at STC considering the global standard radiation G = 1000 W/m2, the operating temperature 25 C and AM = 1.5, the efficiency of the PV panels is maintained near the optimal operation, but under different and real conditions at temperatures and levels. increased radiation the actual power of the PV panel decreases considerably from the nominal operating conditions affecting the electrical efficiency of the PV. In order to maintain the temperature of the PV cells near the reference temperature, two hybrid systems respectively PV/ PCM can be combined to eliminate the excessive heat behind the PV panel by changing the phases. The study presents the methods of evaluating the contributions of PCM materials on the operation of a PV panels, highlighting a useful methodology that describes the behavior and interaction between the two PV/ PCM systems. The main advantages are long-term thermal stability, in particular preventing the sudden increase in temperature, low cost of production, low impact on the environment and high efficiency of PV by using a mixed PV / PCM system.
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