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COMPARATIVE GENOME ANALYSIS OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF GENUS NOSTOC
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of photosynthetic bacteria found in a wide variety of habitats where they play crucial roles. They are one of the most morphologically diverse groups. The evolutionary relationships and the classification are poorly understood. The whole genome sequencing added a new dimension to our understanding of genomes of cyanobacteria and the genome-based phylogeny came into existence. The aim of this study was to conduct a genomic comparison of phylogenetically closely related filamentous cyanobacteria (Nostoc carneum NIES-2107, Nostoc sp. PCC 7107, Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102, Nostoc piscinale CENA21, Nostoc linckia NIES-25, Nostoc flagelliforme CCNUN1, Nostoc commune HK-02 and Tolypothrix sp. PCC7601) with a particular focus on the comparison of the genomic features and subsystem annotation, the classification of functionally annotated common genes and the automatic annotation of secondary metabolite gene clusters. Genome sizes, N50, number of RNAs, genes and proteins were similar across all eight strains. The G+C contents were almost identical (approximately 41%). The results of the RAST Server and SEED viewer subsystem annotation showed that their genomes are considerably similar. An average of 70% of genes in the studied genomes were identified with unknown functions, and those with annotated functions were mainly involved in: (I) cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, and pigments; (II) cell wall and capsule; (III) membrane transport; (IV) protein metabolism; (V) regulation and cell signalling, (VI) fatty acids, lipids, and isoprenoids; (VII) respiration; (VIII) stress response; (IX) amino acids and derivatives; and (X) carbohydrates. The results of the antiSMASH Server showed more secondary metabolite gene clusters in Tolypothrix sp. PCC7601 and Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 compared to other cyanobacterial strains.
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References11
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