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PREPARATION OF GEOPOLYMERS BASED ON CERAMIC WASTE PRODUCTS
Abstract
The production of red-clay hollow bricks belongs to the sources of industrial waste which gained on importance during the last decades. Although the amount of scrap is similar to the traditional red-clay bricks, the total waste generation is higher. As the current technologies of hollow brick production do not make it possible to provide sufficiently smooth and even surfaces, the brick blocks have to be ground after leaving the production line. This grinding generates a significant amount of waste powder containing both coarser and finer particles. The coarser fractions can be disposed of in the form of aggregate in concrete, as it is common for other types of ceramic waste. Finer fractions, which often possess pozzolanic activity, were reported to have a good potential as a partial replacement of cement in concrete. Using the ceramic waste powder instead of a part of cement is a solution more beneficial from an environmental point of view than its use as aggregate, as it contributes to a decrease of overall energy consumption and CO2 emission which accompanies the Portland cement production. In this paper, several geopolymer mixes are designed, using two different waste brick powders as precursors with a combination of water glass and sodium hydroxide as alkali activator. At first, the raw powders are subject of detailed material characterization experiments, including determination of chemical and mineralogical composition using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction methods. The development of microstructureof studied ceramic-based geopolymers is studied by means of scanning electronmicroscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Then, their functional properties areassessed by the measurement of basic physical properties and mechanical parameters.Experimental results show satisfactory performance of all analyzed mixes which makesgood prerequisites for their practical application as an environmental friendly alternativeto cement-based materials.
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