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SYMBIOTIC ACTIVITY OF SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI STRAINS HARBORED DISTINCT ALLELES OF NOD GENES IN SYMBIOSIS WITH MEDICAGO LUPULINA AND M. VARIA
Abstract
The effectiveness of rhizobia-legume symbiotic interaction is under the genetic control of macro- and microsymbionts. Both symbionts exhibit high level of genome/genome specificity interaction which is reflected by symbiotrophic indices vary significantly. Virulence and plant dry mass increasing are indices widely used in order to reveal well matched rhizobia strain and variety of legume host plant for practice demand. The aim of the research was to study how allelic polymorphism of symbiotically significant genes is linked to host specificity of rhizobia and plant productivity. The objects of the study were native Sinorhizobium meliloti strains distinct in alleles of genes of nodABC operon (genes determine synthesis of Nod factor responsible for virulence process) and nodH gene (gene involved in the control of the host specificity), and plants of diploid Medicago lupulina variety "Mira" (benefit for pastures on waterlogged soils) and tetraploid M. varia variety "Vega 87" (widely applied in agriculture). One group of tested strains had the nod-A genotype (similar to the reference strain Rm1021) and another one group of strains harbored the nod-F genotype characterized by divergent alleles (different from corresponding alleles of the reference) of each of all four genes. Strains with the nod-A genotype formed nodules on roots of M. lupulina and M. varia on 13th and on the 10th days after inoculation, respectively, in sterile plant tests. Strain with the nod-F genotype formed nodules on roots of both host plant species on the 8-day after their inoculation. A significant difference between strains with the nod-F and nod-A genotype was established by number of nodules on roots of M. lupulina on the 20th day after inoculation (P<0.05). Strains with the nod-A genotype formed on average from 7 to 10 nodules on roots of M. varia regularly each 10 days of vegetation (P>0.05). Strains from both groups formed uniformly nodules on roots of M. varia at the first half of vegetative period. While strains with the nod-F genotype formed nodules the number of which was exceeded an average in 2.5-3 times during the second half period of vegetation lasted from 20th till 38th day after inoculation. Symbiosis formed with M.lupulina as well with M. sativa were effective, since the dry masses of plants inoculated by tested strains was higher than the dry mass of plants inoculated by the reference strain or dry mass of uninoculated plants (P<0.05). Overall, M. varia plants productivity was higher when plants were inoculated by strains with the nod-F genotype, than when strains with the nod-A genotype or reference strain were applied. Summarizing, data obtained are strongly evident that strains harboring divergent alleles of nod genes showed distinct specificity toward host plant which was determined by nodule formation rate and by data proving symbiotic productivity.
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References8
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