Scholarly record

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN POLAND

Tymoteusz Turlej

Abstract

The development of renewable energy sources increasingly affects the shape of both energy policies and the construction of the power system of EU Member States. This is mainly due to the fact that successive legal regulations created in the European Union are increasingly promoting the so-called clean energy sources. The climate policy of the European Union, going towards "low-emission" or even "zero-emission" forces the necessity of a far-reaching reconstruction of the Polish National Power System, which we were not fully aware of when signing the accession treaty. The joy of entering the European structures and the lack of experience of national policy protection already within the EU caused that we bear as high costs of the idea of reducing CO2 emissions as a country. The current legal changes have made it necessary to carefully assess the economic attractiveness of building new coal units. In addition, the cost of exchanging transmission and distribution networks so that they are able to absorb dispersed sources in effect means enormous investment expenditures that must translate into energy prices in the tariff. This causes a deterioration in the financial condition of domestic energy companies, because RES displaces coal-fired power plants in the "merit order". stack of energy balance. The shaping of climate policy in its current shape in the case of Poland has an additional adverse effect on the situation of hard coal mining, because systemic depleted system plants consume less raw material, which results in growing coal heaps and price struggles among domestic producers below mining costs. Experts from the energy sector show stronger and stronger voices calling for more cautious development of the support system for Renewable Energy Sources, but this requires not only changes in Polish legislation, but also a difficult fight within the EU institutions

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