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NITRATE POLLUTION OF GROUNDWATER FROM BUILT-UP AREAS OF THE GLAVACIOC CATCHMENT, TELEORMAN COUNTY, ROMANIA
Abstract
The human settlements in the Glavacioc river basin located in southern Romania are predominantly rural, the inhabitants occupied with agriculture and animal husbandry. The lack of proper facilities, legislative gaps, insufficient or non-existent control of environmental authorities, poor education regarding environmental protection, led to improper disposal of animal and household waste, permanent sources of soil and groundwater pollution in the area. Among the emitted pollutants the most dangerous are nitrates that accumulate in the groundwater, constituting a permanent danger to human and animal health. Chemical properties of the water samples as pH, soluble salts (carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates, chlorides), cations of Ca2+, Mg2+, N+, K+, electrical conductivity, some anions (HCO3-, Cl-, SO4-2, NO3-) and other current analyses were performed. Chemical analyzes carried out on 18 samples of water collected from different localities of the Glavacioc river basin showed that the NO3- concentration was higher than the maximum admissible value (50 mg / L) in 14 of the groundwater sources, with a mean value of 387 ± 202 mg / L, almost 8 times the maximum admissible value. Direct correlations between the NO3- content of the groundwater and the other ions contents in the water composition have been established. Significant correlative ratios were obtained with HCO32-, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ (? = 0.470-0.579) and non-significant with the other ions, namely: SO42-, Na+ and K+ (? = 0.213-0.421). Also, a direct relationship was established between the NO3- concentration and the depth of the groundwater table. Distribution of: NO3-; HCO3-; SO42-+ Cl- into a triangular diagram, shows clustering of many samples into bicarbonate-nitrate-sulfate, nitrate-bicarbonate-sulfate, and bicarbonate-nitrate fields. The triangular diagram of the anions, HCO3- - SO42- - Cl-, shows that most of the samples are clustering into the bicarbonate-chlorine field, and the triangular cation diagram, Ca2+ - Mg2+ - Na+ + K+, shows the distribution of the samples in the magnesic-calcic-sodic, magnesic-sodic-calcic and magnesic-sodic fields.
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