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THE EVALUATION OF THE AVAILABLE WATER POTENTIAL OF THE SOIL AND THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON WHEAT CROP
Abstract
Water has a very important role in the process of growth and development of plants, they need primarily water and nutrients, which are made available to them by soil conditions and climate. Water and soil, together ensure the existence of life on Earth. Romania has been experiencing frequent droughts in recent years, the lack of rainfall over a longer period of time and the increase in evapotranspiration lead to a decrease in the water content of the soil below the field capacity (FC) reaching the threshold of permanent wilting coefficient (PWC), settling the phenomenon of pedological drought, with the value of humidity below 300 m?/ ha, determining the wilting of the plants. This paper presents research on soil water conservation and the establishment of soil tillage systems, in terms of a comparison between tillage with plowing by clearing the furrow and chisel tillage. Water losses by evaporation at the soil surface are 80% in compact soil, compared to 15% in loose soil by plowing.
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