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NANO-EMPTINESS SPACE OF COLLECTORS
Abstract
The structure of the emptiness space of the oil reservoir rocks has been studied using high-resolution electron microscopy methods. Particular attention is paid to unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, among which argillites are finely divided. In them, the share of the nano-emptiness space is much higher than in typical carbonate and terrigenous reservoirs. The presence of a significant number of nano-cracks, which are either a continuation of micro-cracks, or independent of them, is established. A certain amount of nano-emptiness space also belongs to nano-pores. Among the nano-cracks, several generations can be distinguished, reflecting the diversity of their formation. The oldest of them are usually healed by secondary new-formed substances (carbonates, sulfides, sulphates, chlorides, etc.) or contain finely dispersed organic matter. Their formation occurred under the influence of characteristic lithogenetic processes. Younger cracks are hollow, they were formed under the influence of tectonic processes. The role of the nano-emptiness space in oil reservoirs is assessed as potential channels for oil and gas migration, indicators of decompaction zones in the rock, favorable environment for bacterial activity, etc. When drilling fluids are exposed to the rock, the parts with nano-cracks are less stable, which can lead to the collapse of wells. The study of the nano-emptiness space in non-traditional reservoirs should be carried out using a set of modern methods on a specially developed program.
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