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ASSESSMENT OF THE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL OF PUBLIC CONSUMERS OF THE MUNICIPAL TERRITORY
Abstract
Buildings, including public sector buildings, are the largest consumers of energy re-sources. The aim of the work was to assess the energy saving potential of state consum-ers of the municipal territory in order to determine the efficiency of energy consumption in individual buildings and to determine the directions of the most profitable investment to improve energy efficiency. An analysis of the specific consumption of 23 buildings managed by the municipality of Yakovlevsky district of the Belgorod region (Russia) showed: a) for 22% of buildings in a warmer year, heating costs did not decrease, but increased, and for another 22% they remained the same; b) on buildings of the same type, the specific heat consumption for heating can differ by 1.5 times; c) the main rea-son for the increased heat consumption is the unregulated load, when the amount of supplied heat does not correspond to the ambient temperature. A method for calculating heat energy losses is proposed, which consists in approximating the heating characteris-tic (the dependence of the heating consumption on the outside air temperature) with a linear dependence. At the same time, it was assumed that the required temperature re-gime is observed in all buildings, that is, there are no periods with a reduced tempera-ture. Thus, the calculated dependence should pass along the lower boundary of the actu-al points. Savings were defined as the difference between calculated and actual con-sumption. As a result of the analysis, it was found that heat losses due to unregulated load are 53.5% and the possible savings are 2.8% or 364.2 Gcal. At the same time, the installation of weather-dependent automatic heating control is necessary only for 10 buildings out of 23, where the payback period of investments is less than five years. Thus, the study shows that investments in energy saving measures give a different effect and it is possible to choose the most effective way to improve energy efficiency only taking into account the individual characteristics of buildings and the characteristics of their consumption.
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