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ENRIRONMENTAL SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CURRENT THREATS AND REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION

Alexandre Kuklin

Abstract

Latest economic research has been overloaded with discussion of socio-economic crisis and its complexity, or even impossibility of rapid recovery. We have considered the state of environmental security of the region and the key factors affecting it. There are two main approaches to the assessment of the environmental security: an economic and geographical approach, and a geo-ecological approach. The first one suggests considering the environmental infrastructure as an object of the nature protection and restoration. The second approach implies that the environmental security is aimed at preserving the sustainability of environment. We view the environmental security both as one of 13 modules of socio-economic security, which is assessed using the said approaches, and as a basis for the normal living of population (with regard to the impact of environmental state deterioration). It is worth examining these changes under diagnostics of the crisis cycle ?entry ? process ? recovery?, taking into account several aspects of socio-economic situation development. We have calculated the ?environmental security? module in comparison with general socio-economic security of the region using the example of six constituent entities of the Ural Federal District (UFD) for the period from 2000 to 2017. During that period, the regional economy faced several crises, and currently its state varies from a relatively grave pre-crisis stage to a crisis phase with multidirectional change vectors. We examine not only the change of the environmental security of the region, but also the ability of the economy itself to find the way to recover from the crisis. It is a mistake to rely exclusively on the territory self-development (applicable to self-development of environment), because the economic growth and getting on the trajectory of relatively normal development require much more investments than simple maintenance of the same level. Furthermore, we analyze potential changes in the environmental security depending on the selection of different scenarios of the regional economic development.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/5.3/s21.033

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