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BIOTESTING METHODS IN ASSESSMENT OF TOXICITY OF BORING SOLUTIONS AND SLIMES AT OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION
Abstract
Work purpose пїЅ study of the feasibility of using biotesting methods for screening ecologically safe components of drilling solutions, to control the technology of neutralizing drilling sludges in the case of sumpless drilling. To achieve the purpose, biotesting methods based on the survival of daphnia, infusoria, quenching of luminescence of luminous bacteria, immobilization of algae was used. For reduction in cost of technology of drilling studied a possibility of replacement of medicines of chloride sodium by a natural brine. Toxicometry of drilling solutions prepared based on natural brine has shown a close toxicity to solutions prepared based on sodium chloride, which allows recommending the replacement of the latter with a highly mineralized natural source of salts. The biotesting of applicable drilling fluids revealed that the toxicity is related to their saturation with sodium chloride, the pH value and the concentration of reagents based on lignin. In the laboratory, the sludge was washed with water to reduce the concentration of salts. Testing of sludge for all test objects has shown falling of toxicity of sludge in the course of his washing by water. Results of researches demonstrate that when laundering sludge to the safe content of salts, toxicity of water extracts of sludge was at the level of control or was estimated as low. The high degree of toxicity revealed by biotests after laundering of sludge from salts is a danger signal, confirming, as a rule, existence in sludge of heavy metals or oil products. Thus, the conducted research has allowed selecting highly effective bactericidal medicines; to suggest controlling laundering of sludge to safe level at sumpless drilling by biotesting methods.
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