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DISCHARGE AND ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODELLING IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENTAL STORAGE TANK LEAKAGE
Abstract
Worldwide, the increased demand for various chemical products has led to an increased production activity of chemical plants involving the use of a large variety of chemicals. Most of the chemical substances used by the plants on a regular basis are considered to be highly hazardous, having toxic, explosive or flammable properties. The production, use, transportation or storage of such hazardous chemicals involves special occupational health and safety measures which have to be taken into account by the employers. In this case, improper OHS management measures can lead to unwanted events, caused for example by the accidental leakage of hazardous chemicals from storage tanks, and which can have catastrophic consequences for the employer, for the workers and the surrounding environment. For this purpose, companies have to develop emergency response plans which have as main purpose the minimization of hazardous effects. This paper addresses a possible scenario generated by the accidental leak of a hazardous chemical substance form a storage tank located within a chemical plant, analysed by means of state-of-the-art commercially available software tools for analysis and consequence determination of process hazards in the industry. The study reveals the influence of meteorological conditions on the discharge and the extent of toxic gas dispersion into the atmosphere. Also, there are studied several cases for different diameters of the release orifices, and the toxic concentration results are presented for the three ERPG (Emergency Response Plan Guide) levels.
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