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DROUGHT INDICES AND VIS-BASED CANOPY STATUS OF VINEYARDS
Abstract
The study aims to evaluate how droughts impact irrigated and non-irrigated vineyards by analysing the relationship between short-term drought and vegetation indices to identify areas irrigated from unofficial sources. The re-search area includes vineyards in Telavi municipality (eastern Georgia). RStudio was used to calculate SPI and SPEI (1- month and 3-month timescales) and EDI (daily) to measure the severity of the meteorological drought. The 27-year (1993-2020) data from a weather station in the study area included daily temperature and precipitation. Water stress in crops using Sentinel 2-based NDVI and NDMI data from April 1 to August 31, 2020, was estimated in ArcMap 10.8. For accuracy assessment, data from the vineyard cadaster (2020) and Georgian amelioration were used. The study's findings indicate that based on the SPI and SPEI (1-month and 3-month) values, the growing season of 2020 experienced a near-normal (-1-1) condition. In June, there is a reported moderate drought (SPI_1=- 1.3, SPEI_1=-1.6), and in July, the 3-month data shows a value of -1.1 for SPEI_3. According to daily EDI measurements, the number of drought days is highest in June and early July. Because of the climatic conditions in the research area, irrigation is re- quired for the agricultural parcels. The Georgian irrigation system is the country's primary source of irrigation water. According to official sources, 589 hectares of vineyards out of a total of 6936 hectares receive irrigation. Examining the irrigated parcels' vegetation indices showed that, despite the dry days, the NDVI and NDMI values remained stable, while in some parcels, the values decreased significantly after the dry days. Identified areas include those that receive water from a variety of sources, as well as those that lack both official and unofficial irrigation sources. The findings indicated that 5.3% (337 ha) of vineyards lack an alternate water source, whereas 94.7% (6010 ha) receive water supply during periods of drought. Additional data analysis showed that the majority of such parcels are adjacent to rivers and provide water supplies on their own. The findings ensure that we can accurately evaluate irrigation patterns using drought and Sentinel-based vegetation indices.
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References13
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