Scholarly record
ENERGY RECOVERY FROM BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE THROUGH OFF GAS AND STEAM STORAGE
Abstract
Making an oxygen steel factory (Basic Oxygen Furnace - BOF) more efficient focuses on maximizing energy recovery, optimizing the oxygen blow process, reducing fossil fuel reliance, and enhancing material recycling. Modern advancements allow for significant reductions in carbon footprint and operational costs. The BOF is highly energy-efficient in terms of process heat, consuming only about 1.2 GJ per tonne of crude steel, as it relies on the exothermic oxidation of impurities in hot metal. While the overall BF-BOF route is energy-intensive (approx. 24.2 GJ/t), direct energy recovery (gas and sensible heat) makes the BOF itself a net energy producer. BOF gas is rich in carbon monoxide and is produced at high temperatures. Recovering the energy and chemical potential (over 90%) of this off-gas is crucial for efficiency. In this paper, a method for the increase the energy efficiency of the BOF steelmaking process is proposed based on steam and BOF gas storage. Since the BOF operation is intermittent, solutions for recovering the energy (chemical and thermal) contained in BOF gas are difficult to implement. By storing the produced steam in the recovery boiler and using BOF gas as fuel to maintain constant temperature and pressure of the stored steam, steam with constant parameters can be generated to evolve in a Rankine cycle for electricity production.
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